Blindness is a state of lacking the visual perception due to physiological or neurological factors. The partial blindness represents the\r\nlack of integration in the growth of the optic nerve or visual centre of the eye, and total blindness is the full absence of the visual light\r\nperception. In this work, a simple, cheap, friendly user, smart blind guidance system is designed and implemented to improve the\r\nmobility of both blind and visually impaired people in a specific area. The proposed work includes a wearable equipment consists of\r\nhead hat and mini hand stick to help the blind person to navigate alone safely and to avoid any obstacles that may be encountered,\r\nwhether fixed or mobile, to prevent any possible accident. The main component of this system is the infrared sensor which is used\r\nto scan a predetermined area around blind by emitting-reflecting waves. The reflected signals received from the barrier objects\r\nare used as inputs to PIC microcontroller.The microcontroller is then used to determine the direction and distance of the objects\r\naround the blind. It also controls the peripheral components that alert the user about obstacle�s shape, material, and direction.The\r\nimplemented system is cheap, fast, and easy to use and an innovative affordable solution to blind and visually impaired people in\r\nthird world countries.
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